From: "Saved by Internet Explorer 11" Subject: Voltage divider - loaded and open-circuit dB calculator damping volts potentiometer circuit impedance damping pad decibel dB voltage attenuator impedance bridging matching - sengpielaudio Sengpiel Berlin Date: Tue, 12 Apr 2016 11:50:41 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0000_01D194B1.8A052410" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.1.7601.17609 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0000_01D194B1.8A052410 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-voltagedivider.htm Voltage divider - loaded and open-circuit dB calculator damping = volts=20 potentiometer circuit impedance damping pad decibel dB voltage = attenuator=20 impedance bridging matching - sengpielaudio Sengpiel Berlin = =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 = =20 =20 =20 =20
3D"Calculations
 
Deutsche Version 3D"UK-flag 3D"D-flag
 
● = Calculations:  voltage=20 divider =20 or potentiometer=20 ●
Loaded and open = circuit=20 (unloaded) − damping=20 pad
Voltage=20 drop at the voltage=20 divider
 
=20
Using impedance=20 matching or power=20 matching you make the output = impedance=20 of a source equal
to the input impedance of the load to which = it is=20 ultimately connected. T- and H-pads are used in = radio
frequency=20 (RF) circuits to attenuate a signal (damping). It is applied where = maximum=20 energy (power) is
transferred between a source and a load. Then = Zsource =3D Zload.
 
But in sound = recording=20 (audio), public address, and HiFi only impedance=20 bridging is used with:=20
 
Zsource=20 << Zload = or=20 = ZS=20 << ZL = or Zout = << Zin=20
 
The output=20 impedance of the source is always much smaller than the input = impedance of=20 the load.
In this case never try to = calculate=20 and use T- and H-pads circuits - better use voltage dividers=20 instead.

3D"Voltage
asymmetric        =             symmetric
 
Historical reasons=20 show impedance values especially of 50 ohms, 200 ohms, or 600 = ohms.=20

Voltage Divider = Calculator No.=20 1
 
Entering three or four values calculate the others. = The value=20 of Zload = can be=20 entered additionally,
otherwise it uses automatically a 1 = megohm load -=20 unloaded open circuit.
Use the left mouse button - click at a = free=20 space.

 
3D"voltage Vin  =20  volts
Z1  =20  ohms
Z2  =20  ohms
Vunloaded  =20  volts
ZL  =20  ohms
 output=20 voltage   Vout  =20  volts
=20

Vunloaded means Vout without ZL. If wanted, Zsource of = the=20 generator can be added to Z1.

 
 Voltage=20 damping D =3D = 20 =D7=20 log10 (=20 Vout =20 )=20 =20 dB 
------ ---------------
Vin 
=20

A negative solution means = damping (loss) -=20 positive solution means amplification (gain).

Voltage damping: =  3D"weiter"

Output voltage: =  3D"weiter"

Parallel resistance: =  

See also: Calculation of=20 damping
Impedance bridging or Voltage bridging Zout <=20 Zin

Unloaded=20 voltage divider
 
Rule of thumb:=20 The voltages are proportional to the = resistances.

Formulas for = the unloaded=20 voltage divider:

3D"formula
3D"formula
3D"formula
3D"formula

Calculator:=20 Unloaded or open circuit voltage divider=20 (potentiometer)

Voltage Divider = Calculator No.=20 2

This calculator, given any three or four of = the=20 five possible values, will give the
results for the remaining = one. The=20 ZL value = is optional,=20 if not supplied, the
calculator uses 1 Megohm. Usefull if you = need to=20 enter Vout.
Fill=20 in any three or four fields in the form below, then click the = "calculate"=20 button.
The remaining field will be calculated, and the results = displayed. If you make a
new calculation, use always the = "reset" button=20 to clear all the boxes. Z =3D=20 R.=20
=
 
3D"voltage Vin   volts
Vout   volts
Z1   ohms
Z2   ohms
ZL  =20  ohms
=             &= nbsp;           &n= bsp;     =20 =20  
To compute Input Voltage enter Z1, Output Voltage, and Z2 and then click the = calculate=20 button.
To compute Z1=20 enter Input Voltage, Output Voltage, and Z2 and then click the = calculate=20 button.
To compute Z2=20 enter Input Voltage, Output Voltage, and Z1 and then click the = calculate=20 button.
To compute Output Voltage = enter Input=20 Voltage, Z1 and Z2 and then = click the=20 calculate button.
If wanted,=20 Zsource of the generator can be added to Z1.

Voltage division = ratioα =3D=20 Ratio (Output Voltage to Input Voltage) =3D Vout / Vin
Z2 =3D (α =D7 Z1) / ( 1 − = α)
dB (level) =3D 20 =D7 log=20 α
Vout =3D Vin =D7 [Z2=20 / (Z1 + Z2)]

Interconnection of two audio units - voltage = bridging=20 Zout < Zin
Calculation of=20 the damping of impedance bridging or
impedance matching an = interface=20 connecting Zout and=20 Zin

Voltage divider = (potentiometer)=20 with different control characteristics
Figure: =A9 Detlef Mietke − http://www.elektroniktutor.de/analog/u_teiler.html

3D"Potentiometer

Interconnection of two audio = units=20 equals a circuit of a voltage divider = − Z2 << Z1.

3D"interface

Attention: The numbering = of the=20 impedances is inversely to a voltage divider.

3D"voltage

A panpot is made = of two voltage=20 dividers:

3D"Panpot"

Calculator:=20 Unloaded or open circuit voltage divider=20 (potentiometer)
 
 
In=20 sound engineering there is no Impedance matching or Power = matching.
In=20 audio we use only (high) Impedance=20 bridging or=20 Voltage=20 bridging.
 
 
Not only take=20 something from this website to enhance your knowledge.
Please, = also=20 give some feedback to the author to improve the=20 performance.
 
back = Search = Engine=20 3D"weiter" home 3D"Start"
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